Beneath the desert at Saqqara, near Memphis, underground galleries hold immense stone coffers long associated with the burials of sacred Apis bulls. Auguste Mariette entered the Greater Underground in…
Beneath the Saqqara necropolis, west of ancient Memphis, underground galleries contain some of Egypt’s most imposing stone objects: immense hard-stone coffers resting in chambers cut into bedrock.…
In Aswan’s granite quarry landscape, an immense obelisk remains attached to the bedrock from which it was shaped. When Reginald Engelbach’s clearance exposed the full monument in 1921–1922, he…
In 1992, archaeologists excavating a low ring of sandstone slabs in Egypt’s Western Desert documented a structure only about four metres across. It stood at Nabta Playa, a basin roughly one hundred…
In 2018, an exceptionally complete archaic human skull entered scientific study after decades in private custody. The Harbin cranium, now held by Hebei GEO University in China, was reportedly found…
In November 1992, fossil monitor Richard Cerutti spotted bones exposed by highway construction along State Route 54 near the boundary of San Diego and National City, California. The animal proved to…
The Great Sphinx of Giza is generally associated with Pharaoh Khafre and Egypt’s Fourth Dynasty, around 2500 BCE. Its setting beside Khafre’s pyramid complex, the Sphinx Temple, the Valley Temple, and…
In 1992, toxicologist Svetlana Balabanova and her colleagues published a report that placed an unexpected chemical finding inside ancient Egyptian mummy material: cocaine. The result was associated in…
Near Yermo in California’s Mojave Desert, archaeologists excavated ancient gravel deposits at the Calico Early Man Site and recovered an immense collection of fractured chert, chalcedony, agate, and…
Near the end of the Late Bronze Age, the eastern Mediterranean system fractured. The Hittite imperial world collapsed, Ugarit was destroyed, Mycenaean palace administration disappeared, trade routes…
